I recently read on the Forum that someone said that the Stoeger and Frachi were made in the same factory this is not true the Stoeger is out of the factory in turkey the I-12 is out of Italy, I have both , neither has failed but the Franchi seems to be of better quality inside and out. shoot em to they jam then clean em on my 5th year with the stoeger duck hunting haven't even wiped it off and hasn' t hung a shell yet.